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職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解精選題（精選7套）
2017年職稱英語考試備考開始啦，為了讓大家了解職稱英語考試難易程度，下面yjbys網(wǎng)小編為大家提供了職稱英語歷年考試真題及答案詳解，以下是職稱英語歷年真題《綜合B》閱讀理解真題精選題。
職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解題 1
The Day a Language Died
When Carios Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too.Westez, more commonly
known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language Catawba.
Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations.__________ (46) They are all that is left of the Catawba language.The language that people used to speak is gone forever.
We are all aware of the danger that modem industry can cause the worlds ecology (生態(tài)).
However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life.English has spread all over the word.Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages as well.__________ (47) When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.
Scholars believe there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years.There are many examples, Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean.It is spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear.Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers.__________(48) In the Americas,100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, are dying out.
Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the danger of language death and to try to do something about it.He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue.__________ (49) The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular.Now he is gone, and the language is dead.
What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears? When a plant insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what has been lost and to for the balance of the natural word.However, language is only a product of the mind.To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder, must be a peculiarly lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species.__________ (50)
A.Some people might want to learn some of these songs by hearts.
B.Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100of them are in danger of extinction ( 滅絕 ) .
C.However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language.
D.These languages dont have many native speakers.
E.For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.
F.As these languages become more powerful, their use as tools of business and culture increase.
答案與解析
46.A。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講到那些想要聽卡托巴語歌曲的人就需要聯(lián)系Smithsonian機(jī)構(gòu)，因?yàn)樵缭?0世紀(jì)40年代，Red Thunder Cloud為未來的后代灌錄了一系列的歌曲;空白處后一句說的是這些歌曲都是以卡托巴語保留的。由此可知空白處應(yīng)該討論這些卡托巴語歌曲的事情，所以A(有些人可能想要用心學(xué)習(xí)這些歌曲)比較合適，符合內(nèi)容一致的原則。
47.F。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講的是漢語、西班牙語、俄語和印地語已經(jīng)變成很強(qiáng)大的語言(powerful)，與F項(xiàng)中powerful一致，而且these languages與空白處前的languages“Chinese，Spanish，Russian，and Hindi”指代也比較一致，所以F(當(dāng)這些語言變得更加強(qiáng)大時(shí)，他們作為商業(yè)和文化的工具的使用就會(huì)增加)符合原文，符合指代一致的原則。
48.B。從原文來看，空白處之前的句子說的是埃塞俄比亞的許多語言也面臨著消亡的命運(yùn)，因?yàn)檎f那些語言的人太少了;空白處之后的句子說的是在美洲有近100種語言因?yàn)檎f話人少于300人也正在消亡。所以空白處談?wù)摰囊矐?yīng)該是語言消亡的例子，再結(jié)合第三段的.首句可知本段主要談?wù)撜Z言的消亡，所以B(新幾內(nèi)亞有著非常豐富的不同語言的來源，但是有100多種語言正瀕臨滅絕)是正確答案，符合內(nèi)容與段落主題句一致的原則，其中die out反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。
49.c。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講的是Red Thunder Cloud并非出生在卡托巴，而且卡托巴語也不是其母語;空白處后一句講的是他為Smithsonian機(jī)構(gòu)所唱的歌曲使得美洲本土的音樂流行起來。因此，空白處談?wù)摰倪�是RedThunderCloud唱歌的問題，所以C(但是，他經(jīng)常訪問South Carcinoma的Catawba的保留地，并在那里學(xué)會(huì)了這種語言)比較符合原文語義，從邏輯上解釋了為什么卡托巴不是Red Thunder Cloud的母語，但是他卻會(huì)唱卡托巴語的歌曲，符合上下文邏輯一致的原則。
50.E。從該段的首句來看，本段主要討論語言消亡給我們帶來的后果，從剩余的兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)D和E比較來看，E選項(xiàng)(對(duì)我們剩下的人而言，當(dāng)語言消亡的時(shí)候，我們失去了用一種獨(dú)特方式觀察和描述這個(gè)世界的可能性)符合該段的內(nèi)容，而且E項(xiàng)中的“for the restofus”與段落首句的“for the rest ofus”也保持了一致。
職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解題 2
Text one
Teaching Is "One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK"
(1) The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary-school teaching (pupils aged 11-16), and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers, Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who say they would "seriously consider" teaching as a career has fallen sharply,from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today.The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.
(2) The main drawback of secondary teaching according to the report, is the low salary.Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer young people decide to be teachers.Joanne Manners,24, is a good example: "I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher -- but when I looked into the details, it became clear that teaching isnt very lucrative(賺錢的) job these days.I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, and so I decided not to become a teacher."
(3) Its not just about the money, however.The survey concluded that another reason why people dont want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school.A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past.Heres the view of Dave Hallam, an account from London, "I think parents are to blame.They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers,"
(4)"I love teaching; its my passion.Ive been a secondary-school teacher of Spanish for ten years now, and although its a very demanding job, its very satisfying.When I see my students passing their Spanish exams, or singing along to Spanish pop songs, it makes me feel so proud," says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London.So what does he think the government should reduce the burden of work on teachers, "I find that I always have too much work to do."
(5) The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one.It says that the government should raise teachers pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions.It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.Another solution could be set a maximum number hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers."Hopefully," the report concludes, "these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching, and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the future."
23.Paragraph 1 __________
24.Paragraph 2__________
25.Paragraph 3 __________
26.Paragraph 4 __________
A.Students bad behavior and lack of discipline
B.Improvement of children behavior
C.Heavy workload on teachers
D.The problem of low salary
E.A report on teacher shortage
F.A nationwide publicity campaign
27.More and more young people are held back from teaching __________.
28.Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are ___________.
29.The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease__________.
30.The government should promote teaching as a career by advertising __________.
A.its benefits
B.their childhood memories
C.their stress
D.more training
E.discipline problems
F.because oflow pay
Text two
The Storyteller
(1) Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen.And thats what he has always been about.The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona.From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.
(2) Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.He believes that E.T.is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, "It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life." "He was scared of just about everything," recalls his mother, Leah Adler."When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed.And thats just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist."
(3)Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War II battles.Spielbergs talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends.On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention."Steven would start telling his ghost stories," says Richard Y.Hoffman Jr.,leader of Troop 294, "and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it."
(4) Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated.Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood.
Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship (實(shí)習(xí)) in Hollywood.Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college.He never looked back.
(5) Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent.Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs."The process for me is mostly intuitive(憑直覺的 ) ," he says."There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it.And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel (續(xù)集) to Jurassic Park."
23.Paragraph 1 __________
24.Paragraph 2 __________
25.Paragraph 3 __________
26.Paragraph 4 __________
A.Inspirations for his movies
B.The trouble of making movies
C.A funny man
D.Getting into the movie business
E.Telling stories to make friends
F.An aim of life
27.Some of Spielbergs most successful movies came from__________.
28.When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of__________.
29.Spielberg is very good at __________.
30.Spielberg says he makes movies for __________.
A.almost everything
B.telling scary stories
C.a number of reasons
D.making children laugh
E.his childhood memories
F.a lot of money
Text three
Traffic Jams--No End in Sight
(1) Traffic congestion (擁堵) affects people throughout the world.Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world.In the U.S., commuters (通勤人員 ) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute.While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.
(2) The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day.In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.
(3) Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour.Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars.Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
(4) Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets.But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.
(5) Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment.For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transportsystemsandupgradethemwithmoreefficienttechnologies.But
environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.
23.Paragraph 1 __________
24.Paragraph 2 __________
25.Paragraph 3 __________
26.Paragraph 4 __________
A.Paying to get in
B.Changing work practice
C.Not doing enough
D.A solution which is no solution
E.Closing city centres to traffic
F.A global problem
27.Most American drivers think it convenient to__________.
28.If charged high enough, some drivers may enter certain parts of town __________.
29.Building more roads is not an effective way to __________.
30.The U.S.government has planned to __________ updating public-transport systems.
A.reduce traffic jams
B.drive around
C.go by bus
D.spend more money
E.travel regularly
F.encourage more private cars
參考答案與解析
Text one
23.E。題干：第一段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第一段的主題句是第一句，大意是說英國(guó)政府的一項(xiàng)報(bào)告指出許多中學(xué)面臨著師資困難，故E(有關(guān)師資短缺的報(bào)告)是正確答案。
24.D。題干：第二段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第二段首句是主題句，大意為“根據(jù)報(bào)告，中學(xué)教學(xué)的主要問題是工資低”，故D(低工資的問題)是正確答案。
25.A。題干：第三段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第三段的主題句為第二句，“yet”之前討論的是師資不足不僅僅是錢的問題，“yet”之后討論人們不愿做老師的另外一個(gè)原因就是有些學(xué)生行為惡劣，因而A(學(xué)生的不良行為和缺乏管束)是正確答案。
26.c。題干：第四段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。四段沒有主題句，以Brian Jones的例子來說明教師在看到學(xué)生通過考試時(shí)的滿足感，后半部分則是他希望政府能夠給老師減負(fù)，故C(教師工作負(fù)擔(dān)重)是正確答案。(如果段落之中沒有明顯的主題句，則需要根據(jù)大意或者高頻詞匯進(jìn)行判斷。)
27.F。題干：越來越多的年輕人不愿意從事教師的職業(yè)__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞young people可以定位到第二段第二句，教師工資比很多其他職業(yè)的工資低得多，這意味著越來越少的年輕人決定做教師，所以答案為F(因?yàn)榈凸べY)
28.E。題干：家長(zhǎng)被鼓勵(lì)要支持教師，當(dāng)有__________的時(shí)候。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞parents和back the teacher可以定位到第三段最后兩句，Dave Hallam認(rèn)為家長(zhǎng)要為孩子在學(xué)校的不良行為負(fù)責(zé)，應(yīng)該在家嚴(yán)格要求孩子，同時(shí)也要教會(huì)孩子尊重老師，對(duì)比幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)E(紀(jì)律問題)比較符合語境。
29.C。題干：政府應(yīng)該給教師減負(fù)來減輕__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞reduce the workload可以定位到第三段最后一句，可知Brian認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該給教師減負(fù)，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)他的工作量太多了，所答案為C(他們的壓力)o
30.A。題干：政府應(yīng)該通過宣傳__________來提升教師職業(yè)。利用題目順序和段落順序一致的原則以及題干關(guān)鍵詞government，promotin9和advertisin9等可以定位到第五段的第三句，即政府也應(yīng)發(fā)動(dòng)全國(guó)性的宣傳運(yùn)動(dòng)，例如在電視和報(bào)紙做廣告等，來展示教授年輕人的積極意義。因此，該題答案選A(它的好處)。
Text two
23.F。題干：第一段的段落大意為__________。第一段的主題句為首句，即Steven Spielberg有一個(gè)目標(biāo)，那就是給很多愿意傾聽的人講很多好的故事，所以選項(xiàng)F“人生的目標(biāo)”為正確答案。
24.A。題干：第二段的段落大意為__________。第二段的主題句為第一句：Even decades later,Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years，which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.即Spielber9認(rèn)為他對(duì)兒時(shí)有著清晰的記憶，而這些就是他一些成功作品的來源，所以選項(xiàng)A“電影的靈感”為正確答案。
25.E。題干：第三段的段落大意為__________。第三段無明顯的主題句，該段主要講Spielberg很擅長(zhǎng)講恐怖的故事，讓他交到了很多朋友，所以選項(xiàng)E“講故事來交朋友”為正確答案。
26.D。題干：第四段的段落大意為__________。第四段無明顯的'主題句，該段主要講述Spielberg被電影學(xué)院所拒，然后到離好萊塢比較近的大學(xué)上學(xué)，并努力獲得在好萊塢實(shí)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，獲得電影合同后就退學(xué)了，所以選項(xiàng)D“進(jìn)入電影行業(yè)”為正確答案。
27.E。題干：Spielberg非常成功的電影都來自于__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞和第24題的分析，可知Spielberg認(rèn)為他對(duì)兒時(shí)有著清晰的記憶，而這些就是他一些成功作品的來源，所以選項(xiàng)E“他兒時(shí)的記憶”為正確答案。
28.A。題干：Spielberg是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他害怕__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞be scared of可以定位到第二段“He was scared ofjust about everything”，意為“他害怕幾乎所有的一切”，所以選項(xiàng)A“幾乎所有的一切”為正確答案。
29.B。題干：Spielberg很擅長(zhǎng)__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞is good at和題目順序與題干順序一致的原則，可以定位第三段“Spielberg’s talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends”，意為“Spielberg講恐怖故事的天賦讓他交到了朋友”，所以選項(xiàng)B“講恐怖故事”為正確答案。
30.C。題干：Spielber9說他制作電影是因?yàn)開_________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞make movie可以定位到第五段“There are films that I feel I need to make，for a variety of reasons，for personal reasons.for reasons that l want to have fun…”，意為“我覺得我需要制作電影，因?yàn)楦鞣N各樣的原因，比如因?yàn)閭�(gè)人的原因，因?yàn)槲蚁胝业綐啡さ脑颉保赃x項(xiàng)C“很多原因”為正確答案。
Text three
23.F。第一段首句是主題句，交通擁擠影響到了全世界的人，故F(全球問題)是正確答案。
24.A。第二段首旬是主題句，最有希望減少城市擁擠的技術(shù)被稱為擁堵收費(fèi)，即車輛在一天的特定時(shí)段進(jìn)入城里的特定區(qū)域是要收費(fèi)的。故A(付費(fèi)進(jìn)入)是正確答案。
25.B。第三段首句是主題句，另一種緩解高峰期交通擁堵的方法是雇主實(shí)行彈性工作時(shí)間，這可以讓員工在非高峰期往返工作，以避開上下班的高峰，因而B(改變上下班慣例)是正確答案。
26.D。第四段沒有主題句，通過本段可知很多人認(rèn)為緩解交通壓力最好的辦法是多修路，但作者認(rèn)為這種辦法并不能真正解決問題。故D(一個(gè)不能解決問題的解決方案)是正確答案。
27.B。句意：大部分美國(guó)人認(rèn)為很方便。利用關(guān)鍵詞convenient可以定位，根據(jù)第一段最后一句“most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience.Comfort and privacy”可知，很多人選擇開車是為了舒適、方便和隱私。因而答案為B。
28.C。題干：如果收費(fèi)足夠高，許多司機(jī)可能進(jìn)入城鎮(zhèn)的特定區(qū)域。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞charge可以定位，根據(jù)第二段“In theory，if the toll is high enough.some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.”可知，“理論上，如果收費(fèi)足夠高，有些司機(jī)將會(huì)取消行程或者乘坐公交或火車”，所以C(坐公交)為正確答案。
29.A。題干：建設(shè)更多的路不是的有效方法。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞building roads等可以定位，根據(jù)第四段可知，有些城市規(guī)劃者認(rèn)為緩解交通擁擠的最好辦法是建更多的路，但是并不能真的讓車遠(yuǎn)離道路，而只會(huì)容納更多的車。因而修路并不是緩解擁堵的好辦法，所以A(緩解交通擁擠)為正確答案。
30.D。題干：美國(guó)政府計(jì)劃通過升級(jí)公共交通系統(tǒng)來。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞government和public—transport system等可以定位，根據(jù)第五段倒數(shù)第二句可知，美國(guó)政府決定花費(fèi)70億美元來提高公用交通系統(tǒng)的通行量，并使用更有效的技術(shù)對(duì)其進(jìn)行升級(jí)，所以D(花費(fèi)更多錢)為正確答案。
職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解題 3
US Signs GlobalTobacco Treaty
1 The UnitedStates has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty thatpromises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout theworld.Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the FrameworkConvention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations.(46)_____
2 The FCTC wasdeveloped by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the WorldHealth Assembly，including the United States, last year.(47)_____
3 For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on atleast 30% of the front and back of every pack.(48)_____It also requires banson tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like theUnited States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 (49)_____ TheWorld Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 millionpeople worldwide every year.In the US alone, about 440,000 people die eachyear from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the USare caused by tobacco use.If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty mustbe ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect.(50)_____
A.Tobacco stocksalso perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(訴訟) from the US.
B.So far, 109countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.
C.The impact ofthe treaty could be huge.
D.Countries thatratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
E.The treatycalls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, andmore promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.
F.The Senate muststill approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.
46——50：FDECB
職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解題 4
Friendly Relations with the People Around
1、You depend on all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness （歸屬） that you must have to feel secure.But， in fact， the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them.A person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound （一定的） to be a lonely wolf.
2、The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness.How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences.You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you.The important point， however， is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.
3、Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game.You don‘t know them.When the game is over， you will all go your separate ways.But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship， of sharing the feelings of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.
4、An experience of this kind gives the clue （線索） to what companionship really is.It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy， understanding， trust， and affection.Companions become friends when ihese ties are formed.
5、When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances （熟人）， you may not know with whom you will make friends， but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.
1.Paragraph 2 。
2.Paragraph 3 。
3.Paragraph 4 。
4.Paragraph 5 。
A Making friends with new acquaintances
B Close link between companionship and belongingness
C How to satisfy other people’s needs
DAn example of a satisfying relationship
E Difficulties in establishing friendships
F What companionship really is
5.If you had no one to share your feelings， your life would be______________.
6.The warm feeling of belongingness may give you______________.
7.The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you______________.
8.You will find it hard to make friends with people______________.
A without pity
B sad and lonely
C emotionally healthy
D without real love for them /
E a sense of security
F a lonely wolf
答案
1.B 2.D 3.F 4.A 5.B 6.E 7.C 8.D
職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解題 5
whos really addicting you to Technology?
A."Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, "wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. its a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distraction
B. Theres little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartzs online article, "As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.
C.Theres something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. but whos at fault for its overuse? To find solutions, its important to understand what we’re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech, your boss, your friends and you.
D.The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows： what the internet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividing attention.
E.Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipula-tion--making，products so good that people cant stop using them. after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned it all starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use money they make.It’s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products arent habit-forming by chance; its by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.
F.However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification setlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so its up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.
G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldnt care less how often you use it. Yet to many, email is the most habit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--were obsessed, but why? Because thats what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slow
Response to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.
H.Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others company. theres laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.
I.Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches(打嗝)-loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of etiquette. one has to wonder why don’t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals, meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends.
J.The reality is taking ones phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.
K.The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but theres still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone.
L. I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.Im online far more than Id like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. thats when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when Im doing something Id rather not do, or when Im someplace Id rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escape discomfort.temporarlly.by answering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called"research. "though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延)
M.its easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new. Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of “akrasia”--our tendency to do things agninst our interests. If were honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren’t on our devices. We’d likely do similarly unproductive.
N.personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and theres no doubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way the intended result of making something better is that people use it more. thats not necessarily a problem, thats progress.
O.These improvements dont mean we shouldnt attempt to control our use of technology. In order to make sure it doesnt control us, we should come to terms with the fact that its more than the technology itself that’s responsible for our habits. our workplace culture, social norns and individual behaviors all play a part to put technology in its place, we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.
36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.
37. The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.
38. Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching
39. To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.
40. Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of internet distractions
41. when one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit.
42.The great majority of smartphone users don t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.
43.The internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.
44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should
45.White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employers
42.The great majority of smartphone users don t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.
43.The internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.
44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should
45.White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employers
職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解題 6
閱讀下面短文，從題中所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Clothes Donation( 捐贈(zèng) ) Box
Have you ever put your old clothes into the donation box in your neighborhood? If not, you can do it right now because the clothes donation is becoming a trend( 趨勢(shì) ) in Urumqi. “From time to time, my mother clears out the clothes which I no longer wear. You know, we teenagers are growing fast. I think it’s a good way to help others. ” Lin Tao, a junior student says. “I often pick out some of my clothes which are out of style after going shopping. Then I’ll put them into the donation box. ” Miss Li, a pretty young lady says.
“That seems like a good idea. Some clothes in the box are quite new. People can either wear them or use them to make things such as handbags and pencil cases.” Mrs. Wang, an old woman says, “Sometimes I also look through the box for some nice clothes.”
However, there are some problems along with the popularity of clothes donation.
Recently, a UTV reporter from Focus on the City has made a survey. Here are the results:
◆ The box is full of clothes in a short time. There is no more room for people to give away clothes. ◆ Some people sell the clothes in the donation box for making money instead of wearing them. ◆ Some communities set the box in unsuitable places. So there are few clothes in it. ◆ Many clothes are too old and shabby( 破爛的' ). “What’s worse,” one of the staff in a community added, “We qutie often see people throw rubbish into the box when they pass by. We’ve tried to stop them several times but failed. It has been the most serious problem since we set the box.”
In order to make the donation box work in an efficient( 有 效 的 ) way, our government is taking action. Clothes donation will be better-organized and it’ll be more convenient for people in need to take the clothes away. 56. Miss Li gives away her clothes because .
A. her clothes are out of style B. her mother clears out her clothes C. she is growing too fast D. she wants to make something 57. The reporter from UTV has collected .
A. 4 problems B. 5 problems C. 6 problems D. 7 problems
58. All the problems about the donation box are included EXCEPT . A. theres no more room for people to donate clothes B. people choose unsuitable places to set the box
C. sometimes the box is broken by someone
D. the clothes in the box are too old and shabby
59. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 means .
A. the clothes donation boxes B. the old people
C. handbags and pencil cases D. some clothes in the box 60. We can infer( 推斷 ) from the passage that .
A. the clothes donation will be better-organized to help donators and people in need B. the clothes donation becomes less popular than before because of serious problems C. the clothes donation can prevent some girls from wearing clothes that are out of style D. the clothes donation gives the traders a good idea to sell old clothes for making money 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. A
職稱英語真題《綜合B》閱讀理解題 7
Edward rose early on the New-year morning. He looked in every room and wished a Happy New Year to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet. When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore. He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. “I wish you a Happy New Year.” said Edward, as he was passing on. The man shook his head. “You are not from this country.” said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. But he pointed to his mouth and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像) to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.”
Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife. They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “We thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.”
When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up. .
“I have bought no books”, said he. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my
books till next New Year.”
“My dear boy,” said his father, “here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a New-year gift”
“I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice for a little boy to do so. Be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a Happy New Year.”
48. Edward expected to _________ with the money he got from his father.
A. help the poor family B. buy something to eat
C. buy some pretty books D. learn another language
49. Why did the poor man shake his head when Edward spoke to him?
A. He couldn’t understand the boy B. He wouldn’t accept the money
C. He didn’t like the boy’s language D. He was too cold to say anything
50. How much did Edward give the poor family?
A. One dollar B. Two dollars C. Three dollars D. Four dollars
51. We know that Edward_________ from the passage?
A. got a prize for his kind heart B. had to buy his books next year
C. bought the books at the bookstore D. got more money from his father
【參考答案】：48-51 CABA
【語篇解讀】：本篇是一個(gè)記敘文。主要記敘了一個(gè)叫Edward的小男孩，用父母給自己的兩美元去幫助更需要的窮人。最后小男孩不僅從爸爸那得到了喜歡的`書作為新年禮物并
.
且還得到了比新年禮物更重要的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)——這就是善良和他人的感謝的故事。
【逐題解析】：
48. C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty
49. A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第二句“The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language.”可知。本題難度較小。
50. B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段第二句“He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man , and the other to his wife”和第二段“When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars”可知。本題難度較小。
51. A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第十一段可知。難度較小。
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